Everything about Sokrates Starynkiewicz totally explained
Sokrates Starynkiewicz (
1820-
1902; ) was a Russian general and the 19th
President of Warsaw between
1875 and
1892. During his presidency he ordered the construction of municipal water works as well as the tramway and telephone network in Warsaw.
Biography
Sokrates Starynkiewicz was born
December 18,
1820 in
Taganrog at the
Azov Sea, to a family of Ivan Starynkiewicz, a bank owner. In
1836 he joined the
Imperial Russian army and graduated from several engineering and artillery schools. After promotion to officer rank he served in various staff posts. Among others, he took part in the
Hungarian Campaign and
Crimean War, for which he was promoted to colonel in
1858. In
1863, during the
January Uprising he was retired. Soon afterwards he was promoted to major general and assigned to the Russian Ministry of Interior. Between
1868 and
1871 he was briefly the military governor of
Kherson, but he left that post and became the governor of Prince
Anatoliy Demidov's estates near
Kiev and in
Podolia.
On
November 18,
1875, he was appointed the 19th president of
Warsaw. Although at first he was considered yet another Russian official assigned to govern a Polish city, he soon became known as a great organiser and engineer. He was also a good economist and during his presidency the city's treasury more than tripled. He became particularly popular with the Varsavians after he started to consult most of his decisions with the press, a thing that was uncommon in 19th century Russia.
Among the most notable public works started by Starynkiewicz were the horse-drawn
tramway net, the first
telephone lines and
Bródno cemetery. In
1886 he ordered the creation of the first modern
sewer and
water supply network, with the main hub located in
Koszyki area. In
1889 he started the
Plantation Committee, which turned many Warsaw's squares and streets into parks. Between
1891 and
1892 more than 2500 trees were planted, 13 parks were refurbished and 47 streets and squares were turned into green areas for all inhabitants of Warsaw. In addition, in
1896 a new
Park Ujazdowski was created which remains until now one of the most popular and picturesque parks in Warsaw.
Starynkiewicz also introduced modern gas street lighting, built a modern marketplace (
Hala Mirowska) and started construction and paving of streets in the city centre. Finally, he ordered two
censuses (in
1882 and
1892).
He retired on
October 6,
1892. He decided to stay in Warsaw, where he took active part in various philanthropic societies and organisations, including the
Cheap Kitchens Society which provided the poorest inhabitants with food. He died in Warsaw on
August 23,
1902. The funeral procession was watched by hundreds of thousands of Varsovians from all walks of life. He is buried in the Orthodox cemetery in the Warsaw borough of
Wola.
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